Here is a quick breakdown of the features in OmniOutliner 3 and OmniOutliner 3 Professional. Check the overview pages for more information on these features.

OmniOutliner StandardOmniOutliner Professional
Rich styles system
Edit font size, color, ruler, shadow, and so on
Multiple column types
Columns can contain numbers, pop-up menus, dates, and more
Attachments
Attach any file; view images, movies, or audio right in the outline
Many export options
Export to loads of file formats
AppleScript support
Make OmniOutliner do your bidding
Batch find
Live search results as you type
Inline notes
Edit notes right underneath the corresponding row
Export plug-ins
Install 3rd-party export plug-ins or write your own
Folded editing
Hide the text of long rows when you're not editing them
Sections
A list of all the topics in your document, for quick navigation and hoisting
Named styles
Create and save your own styles; apply them with a keypress
Clipping service
Send text from any application straight into OmniOutliner
Audio capture
Voice recording to easily grab a lecture or your own ideas
Multiple saved templates
Set up several files as starting points for different types of outlines